A simple example would be as follows:
Prime Numbers are divisible only by 1 or by themselves. (In philosophy this would be Premise 1).
And 7 is divisible only by 1 and 7. (In philosophy this would be Premise 2).
Hence 7 is a prime number. (In philosophy we call it 'Conclusion'.)
Various other formulas involving Union (U) and Intersect are also derivations of Philosophy.
Various early philosophers have also contributed in the filed of trigonometry as well (most famous is Pythagoras).